Abstract
Robust epidemiological evidence suggests that regular nut consumption is associated with lower cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. As summarized in a recent meta-analysis of 19 prospective studies, when comparing extreme quantiles of total nut consumption (2.5 to 28 g/day), total CVD and CVD mortality were 15% and 23% lower, respectively. Walnut consumption independent from other nuts revealed similar inverse associations with CVD in 3 studies.